The response of the Media Access Control Question
In recent weeks I have received some e-mails about Ethernet cards, both wired and wireless, more specifically, about Media Access Control (MAC). I think the main reason why I have so many questions about Ethernet cards and get the MAC addresses are the people to their home wireless networks and their desire to use the MAC address filtering for groped for sure. This type of filtering in wireless networks can be configuredallow or deny the use of specific computers or connect to the wireless network based on the MAC.
My first thought was to write an article only for Ethernet and wireless MAC addresses. After thinking, I decided to expand this and go over some specific information about Ethernet cards and communication.
Several find the MAC address and much more
There are several ways to find, and Ethernet communication protocol information. Many Ethernet cardmanufacturers have proprietary software that reveal this information, but behave differently depending on the manufacturer. So we'll use the Windows 2000 and XP utility "ipconfig" as this in most Windows operating systems.
First go to Start -> Run and type "cmd" without quotes. Then press the Enter key. On the command line "ipconfig / all", again without the quotes. In fact, just typing ipconfig without the '/ all will work, but onlyIs abbreviated information about the network adapters. An example of this which is also the "ipconfig / all" command shown below with each item commented in green:
Fault-tolerant high-availability computer system
There are several ways to find, and Ethernet communication protocol information. Many Ethernet card manufacturer's have proprietary software that reveal this information, but work differently, dependingManufacturer. So we'll use the Windows 2000 and XP utility "ipconfig" as this in most Windows operating systems.
First go to Start -> Run and type "cmd" without quotes. Then press the Enter key. On the command line "ipconfig / all", again without the quotes. In fact, just typing ipconfig without the '/ all the work, but it will be only a brief information about your network adapters. An example of what is seen by the"Ipconfig / all" command:
Output of "ipconfig / all" command
Windows IP Configuration
Host Name. . . . . . . . . . . . : Home Computer
This is the name of the computer, usually defined during the installation of Windows. However, it can be changed after installation.
Primary DNS suffix. . . . . . . : Domain.com
If the computer participates in a network as a Microsoft Windows domain, this product may contain the name of the domain.
NodeType. . . . . . . . . . . . : Unknown
The node type can be said, unknown, or peer-to-peer, or in some cases "hybrid". It 'an attitude that has to do with using Windows Internet Naming Service in certain types of Windows domain networks.
IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No
This setting determines whether Windows XP or 2000 as a function of IP routers. If you have two or more network adapters, you can set the system to a router, forwarding communications requests from an actNetwork to another. Windows 2000 can be configured to do so in a fairly simple, Windows XP, a change in the required registry.
WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No
WINS Proxy is another setting that have the "node type" has already been discussed. Normally it is not a required setting in a home or small office or a new type of Microsoft Windows domains.
Ethernet adapter Wireless Network Connection 2:
If you have multiple Ethernet(Network) cards in your system, as I do in this notebook, you have several offers. This happens to be the second Ethernet card, a wireless Ethernet card inside.
Description. . . . . . . . . . . : Broadcom 802.11b / g WLAN
This is the description of the Ethernet card, usually the name / manufacturer and type of Ethernet card. In this case it is a Broadcom wireless Ethernet card installed in my laptop.
Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : From 00 to 90-4B-F1-6E-4A
EHere we have the MAC address. The MAC address is a 48-bit hexadecimal code and is probably in a speech of its own. It is 48 bits because each number or letter in hexadecimal represents 8 bits. Hexadecimal numbers range from 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, A, B, C, D, E, F. There are 6 alpha-numeric code that is 6 * 8 = 48 (bit). The first 3 codes identify the manufacturer of the card and the remaining codes are used to create a unique number. Theoretically, it should never be a card with the same MAC addressin a local network. However, there are some exceptions. There are software tools that you can modify this code. In reality, this is a step some hackers take to attack other systems on a local network. I say local network because MAC addresses are not routable between network segments. By spoofing this address, you can spend another computer on the network. Traffic that was bound to its target, the hacker machine are diverted. This is the address that youFor use to populate a MAC address or physical address table when you, your wireless access point MAC address filtering.
DHCP enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes
DHCP or Dynamic Host Control Protocol, if enabled via the computer's IP address from a DHCP server on the network. The DHCP server, your wireless access point, via its cable / DSL router, cable modem or a network server. Also, if a DHCP server is not enabled on your network, yourComputer operating system will automatically generate a random IP address within a predefined interval. That said, it could create a group of network systems without the IP settings manually.
IP address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.117
This parameter allows your current IP address. The address above is a so-called "private" addresses. There are some classes of IP addresses that are for personal use. This means that theinternal network, local or private home or office. Such addresses are not or may not be routed over the Internet. The streets of the Internet known as "valid" IP addresses. The cable / DSL router or cable modem has a valid IP address to the interface "outside" of the network. The external interface may be your phone line or cable TV.
Subnet Mask. . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
The subnet mask is a special number, or in a sense, the filter breaksIP address, in this case a private IP address in certain groups. IP addresses and subnet mask can be a complicated issue and would require an entire article to get started.
Default Gateway. . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.254
The default gateway, IP addresses are listed, the IP address of the device that is their desire, for example, when looking for a site on the Internet. It 's a bit more complicated than that though, as a gateway or router traffic cansocial networks, including other private networks. In your home or small office, this gateway is more likely that your cable modem / DSL or router.
DHCP server. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.49
The DHCP server, remember, we talked a bit 'of the above, the device that the computer assigns an IP address and other information. DHCP server can assign all kinds of information such as default gateway, domain name server (DNS), IP address, Subnet Mask, Time Server, and moremore.
DNS server. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.49, 64.105.197.58
DNS servers are internal or external server to resolve domain names (FQDN), such http://www.defendingthenet.com IP addresses. This is because computers do not really want to transfer your domain names that use the IP address assigned to the FQDN. For most home or office is the primary DNS server IP address of your Cable / DSL Router. Your Cable / DSL Routerqueries an external DNS server on the Internet to carry out the actual IP address resolution of FQDN's. The address 192.168.0.49 is an internal private device on my network, whereas the 64.105.197.58 is an external public Internet DNS server is added only when my router this effort, the implementation of the DNS resolution tasks .
Lease obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Sunday, March 19, 2006 18:38:16
This information tells you when you receive your computer's IP address and otherInformation from a DHCP server. You'll notice that it says "Lease obtained" that because most of the DHCP servers only lease the IP address for you from a pool of available addresses. For example, the pool may be 192.168.1.1 through 192.168.1.50. So your DHCP server has 50 IP addresses to choose from when assigning your computer's IP address.
Lease expires. . . . . . . . . . : Wednesday, March 29, 2006 21:38:16
If the IP address assigned by the DHCP server running, it will leaseAttempt to lease the same or a different IP address. This function can be changed in order with the DHCP server. For example, on some fully functional DHCP server, you can never end the lease, or within one day and so on.
Why are the MAC addresses, so important and how they work
To return to the MAC address for just a bit '. You might think that the IP addresses the most important thing when it comes to network communication. The reality is, MAC addresses are veryimportant because without his computer in a position to communicate over Ethernet. If a computer wants to talk to another computer on the network, it is a program request or a question that a particular IP address. For example, you can tell your computer: "Who is 192.168.0.254". Using the information on my default gateway is 192.168.0.254 and answer "I'm 00-90-4B-F1-6E-4A" 192.168.0.254 ". It sends its MAC address. The MAC addressis a so-called Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table on your computer. You can use this information from the command prompt as you see above and typing "arp-a" he added. Get information such as the following:
Internet Address Physical Address Type
192.168.0.49 00-12-17-5C-A2-27 dynamic
192.168.0.109 00-12-17-5C-A2-27 dynamic
192.168.0.112 00-0c-76-93-94-B2 dynamic
192.168.0.254 00-0E-2E-dynamic-second 15-61
How a hacker can use MAC addressesIn an attack
You will notice the IP addresses and MAC addresses of their rights. Without this information without the MAC address, would not be reading this article right now. MAC addresses are not routed as IP addresses. They are working on your local network or private. However appliances on the Internet the same tasks. Routers and switches keep a list of their peer devices MAC address of computers and network devices in your home or office. I saidon MAC addresses can be modified to redirect requests. For example, if I were to your office network and an internal Web server, the personal data as input, I was able to tell the computer to my laptop to the site of transmission, the MAC address of my web server associate real IP will be here. I want to do this if you ask the computer: "Who is the" Real Web Server "I could install web server looks like a fake, just like in real life, and collect.The web server itself to collect standard information. You can see how it can be dangerous.
Conclusion
There are many other ways that you can easily find the MAC address, but can be a bit 'of confusion when you can have more than one internal network card. Most external USB or PCMCIA wired and wireless Ethernet cards are printed on their MAC address. Where the wired or wireless network adapter on your computer, such as laptops, the MAC address, sometimesprinted on the bottom of the laptop. Even Desktop systems cards that are inserted in PCI slots have the MAC address printed on the Ethernet card.
You may reprint or publish this article free of charge, as long as the bylines are included.
Original URL (the Web version of article)
http://www.defendingthenet.com/NewsLetters/FindingYourMACAddressOnWiredAndWirelessNetworkCards.htm
0 comments:
Post a Comment